The second Battle of El Alamein began on 23 October with a heavy bombardment of the Germans' five-mile-deep minefields to drive a way through for Allied troops. The 8th Army has been dug in there, holding back Rommel's advance towards Cairo, ever since the first Battle of El Alamein in July. The village is at a bottleneck in the corridor formed by the Mediterranean coast on one side, and the impassable salt marshes of the Qattara Depression to the south. It has taken 12 days and nights of fierce fighting around the desert village of El Alamein to drive back the massed forces of the German commander, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel. has dealt the Axis a blow of which the importance cannot be exaggerated." The King sent a message of congratulations to the Allied Commander in Egypt, General Harold Alexander, saying "The 8th Army. Casualties among the German troops are known to have been high.
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